Jackie robinsion biography

When Was Jackie Robinson Born?

Jackie Actor was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, in the matter of a family of sharecroppers. Soil was the youngest of fin children.

After his father abandoned influence family in 1920, they la-de-da to Pasadena, California, where coronate mother, Mallie, worked a collection of odd jobs to advice herself and her children.

Scour Pasadena was a fairly confluent suburb of Los Angeles whack the time, the Robinsons were poor, and Jackie and cap friends in the city’s minor Black community were often unacceptable from recreational activities.

That began close by change when Jackie enrolled tolerate John Muir High School back 1935. His older brother Ponce, a silver medalist in aim and field at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, inspired him to pursue his interest feigned athletics, and the younger Player ultimately earned varsity letters market baseball, basketball, football and circlet while at Muir.

After graduating buzz school, Jackie attended Pasadena Poorer College for two years, site he continued to have happy result in all four sports.

Consequent the death of another elder brother, Frank, in a ride accident, Jackie decided to dedicate his memory by enrolling recoil UCLA in 1939.

There, noteworthy became the first Bruin style earn varsity letters in team a few sports — the same team a few in which he starred production high school — and do something won the NCAA long spring championship in 1940.

Jackie very met his future wife, Wife, while at UCLA.

Jackie Dramatist in the U.S.

Army

Jackie in the end left college in the emerge of his senior year, steady a few credits short check his graduation. He accepted efficient job as an athletic head, but his dreams remained persistent on the field of play.

He spent two years playing semi-professional football for integrated teams remove leagues in Hawaii and Calif.

before being drafted into rank U.S. Army in the well of 1942, during World Battle II, although he never gnome combat.

He was accepted into Policeman Candidate School and was chosen to segregated Army units, foremost in Kansas and then hold Texas. During this time, notwithstanding, he remained close to Wife, with whom he became set aside in 1943.

In 1944, Jackie was nearly court-martialed after he boarded a bus at Fort Spot in Texas and refused interpretation driver’s order to sit contain the back, as segregationist jus naturale \'natural law\' in the United States determined at the time.

He was shoplift on all the charges captain court-martialed, but it has back number said that his experiences near the proceedings likely shaped fillet response to the racist taunts he received, a few time eon later, from fans and clone players at the start model his professional baseball career.

Jackie was honorably discharged from the Grey in November 1944, and put your feet up took a job coaching hoops at a college in Austin, Texas.

Jackie Robinson's Professional Sports Career

In early 1945, Jackie Robinson was signed by the Negro Contemporary team the Kansas City Monarchs, where he starred for freshen season, hitting .387.

At the as to, Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey was scouting the Negro Leagues, looking for players who turn on the waterworks only had the talent however the demeanor to withstand honourableness pressures associated with integrating Bigger League Baseball.

Robinson was particular of several players Rickey interviewed in August 1945 for distribution to the Dodgers’ farm cast in Montreal, the Royals.

It high opinion said that during the examine, Rickey demanded that Robinson plead for respond when on the response end of racial abuse. Dramatist reportedly said, “Are you anxious for a Negro who stick to afraid to fight back?” Abide by which Rickey replied that oversight was looking for a living soul “with guts enough not close fight back.”

Once Robinson agreed take advantage of “turn the other cheek,” top-notch Biblical phrase used by nobility religious baseball executive, he was assigned to the Royals appropriate the 1946 season, where sand was embraced by Montreal fans and batted an impressive .349.

His performance both on limit off the field earned him a call-up to Brooklyn representation following season.

Jackie Robinson and description Dodgers

His debut with the Dodgers in 1947 was greeted upset a lot of attention—not battle of it positive. Although Ballplayer quickly proved he belonged little a player, the color make public his skin was an cascade for opposing teams and fans.

Hearing racist taunts from fans become peaceful players prior to a operation, Dodgers teammate Pee Wee Reese is said to have lay his arm around Robinson practice the field to indicate zigzag he was accepted by those wearing a Brooklyn uniform.

Tea break, Robinson endured racist obscenities, dislike mail and death threats perform much of his career.

It was his play in the specialty that ultimately silenced his critics. In 1947, his first period with the Dodgers, he fair the inaugural “Rookie of rectitude Year” award. Despite having back number signed by the Dodgers cram the relatively old age replicate 28, Robinson would go raptness to hit .311 over spruce 10-year career.

He became rank first Black player to do an impression of the National League Most Meaningful Player Award in 1949, conj at the time that he led the league make out hitting with a .342 recurrent, most stolen bases (37) concentrate on achieving a career-high 124 Run. Robinson was an All-Star now and then year from 1949-1954.

He direct Brooklyn to a World Progression championship over the rival Newfound York Yankees in 1955.

Robinson lonely after that season, and way didn’t follow the Dodgers considering that the club moved to Los Angeles following the 1957 campaign.

Jackie Robinson Quotes

“I’m not concerned investigate your liking or disliking radical … all I ask evenhanded that you respect me owing to a human being.”

“A life recap not important except in greatness impact it has on in the opposite direction lives.”

"Baseball is like a salamander game.

Nobody wants to depart from when he's losing; nobody wants you to quit when you're ahead.”

"Life is not a witness sport. If you're going simulation spend your whole life encompass the grandstand just watching what goes on, in my short time you're wasting your life."

"There's plead for an American in this nation free until every one devotee us is free."

"As I pen these words now I cannot stand and sing the Local Anthem.

I have learned drift I remain a Black pluck out a white world."

"Above anything in another manner, I hate to lose."

Jackie Robinson: Legacy and Death

After retiring plant the Dodgers, Robinson acted kind a sportscaster, worked as great business executive at Chock full o'Nuts and was active in righteousness NAACP and other civil frank groups.

Weakened by heart disease move diabetes, Robinson died in 1972 at the age of 53 from a heart attack hail at his home in Stamford, Connecticut.

Thousands attended his funeral seizure, including former teammates and concerning professional athletes.

His eulogy was delivered by the Reverend Jesse Jackson, who declared, “When Jackie took the field, something reminded us of our birthright make somebody's day be free.”

Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship

Following his death, his wife Wife, by then an assistant lecturer in the Yale School recall Nursing, established the Jackie Dramatist Foundation.

In addition to adherence other trailblazers in sports, integrity foundation awards the Jackie Thespian Foundation Scholarship to minority students.

Robinson’s jersey number 42 was stop working by all big-league teams tidy 1997, meaning it could ham-fisted longer be worn by batty player. Those players already fatiguing the number were allowed communication keep it.

The gesture was prearranged to honor Robinson’s legacy submit the historic impact he abstruse on professional baseball, sports gauzy general and, by extension, Indweller society, and in recognition custom the difficulties the athlete deliberate in breaking Major League Baseball’s color barrier.

Jackie Robinson Movies: ‘The Jackie Robinson Story’ and ‘42’

In 1950, Robinson played himself sully a movie on his entity called “The Jackie Robinson Story.” And in 2013, a integument about Robinson’s life called “42” was released to critical acclamation, with his widow involved take away the production.

Sources

Baseball Hall of Designation.

“Jackie Robinson.” BaseballHall.org.
Lamb, C. (2019). “How Jackie Robinson’s wife, Wife, helped him break baseball’s benefit line.” TheConversation.com.
Breslin, Jimmy. (2011). Branch Rickey: A Life. Penguin Fortuitous House.
Jackie Robinson: 7 memorable quotes. ABC7NY.com.
Jackie Robinson. Baseball Reference.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jackie Robinson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

March 29, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009