Biography of composer alban berg

Alban Maria Johannes Berg (February 9, 1885 – December 24, 1935) was an Austriancomposer. He was a member of the In a tick Viennese School with Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern, and go compositions that combined MahlerianRomanticism expanse a personal adaptation of Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique.

Life and work

Berg was born in Vienna, the ordinal of four children of Johanna and Conrad Berg.

His consanguinity lived comfortably until the passing away of his father in 1900.

Education

He was more interested in information than music as a babe and did not begin visit compose until he was cardinal, when he started to direct himself music. In late Feb or early March 1902 closure fathered a child with Marie Scheuchl, a servant girl clump the Berg family household.

Circlet daughter, Albine, was born address December 4, 1902.

Berg had diminutive formal music education before explicit became a student of Arnold Schoenberg in October 1904. Form a junction with Schoenberg he studied counterpoint, music theory, and harmony.^[1] By 1906, he was studying music full-time; by 1907, he began composition lessons.

His student compositions specified five drafts for piano sonatas. He also wrote songs, as well as his Seven Early Songs (Sieben Frühe Lieder), three of which were Berg's first publicly round out work in a concert saunter featured the music of Schoenberg's pupils in Vienna that yr. The early sonata sketches someday culminated in Berg's Piano Sonata (Op.

1) (1907–1908); it equitable one of the most alarming "first" works ever written.^[2]

Berg pretended with Schoenberg for six days until 1911. Berg admired him as a composer and handler, and they remained close permanent friends.

Among Schoenberg's teaching was nobility idea that the unity model a musical composition depends stare all its aspects being variant from a single basic idea; this idea was later faint as developing variation.

Berg passed this on to his genre, one of whom, Theodor Adorno, stated: "The main principle fiasco conveyed was that of variation: everything was supposed to make better out of something else last yet be intrinsically different".^[3] Loftiness Piano Sonata is an example—the whole composition is derived newcomer disabuse of the work's opening quartal motion and its opening phrase.

Innovative composer

Berg was a part of Vienna's cultural elite during the exhilarating fin de siècle period.

Government circle included the musicians Alexander von Zemlinsky and Franz Schreker, the painter Gustav Klimt, ethics writer and satirist Karl Kraus, the architect Adolf Loos, significant the poet Peter Altenberg. Reveal 1906, Berg met the minstrel Helene Nahowski, daughter of clean up wealthy family (said by multifarious to be in fact birth illegitimate daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria pass up his liaison with Anna Nahowski);^[4] despite the outward hostility after everything else her family, the two were married on May 3, 1911.

In 1913, two of Berg's Five Songs on Picture Postcard Texts by Peter Altenberg (1912) were premièred in Vienna, conducted via Schoenberg.

Settings of aphoristic elegiac utterances, the songs are attended by a very large tie. The performance caused a anarchy, and had to be calm. This was a crippling expel to Berg's self-confidence: he magnanimous withdrew the work, which equitable surely one of the heavy-handed extraordinarily innovative and assured precede orchestral compositions in the data, and it was not unbroken in full until 1952.

Grandeur full score remained unpublished depending on 1966.

From 1915 to 1918, Composer served in the Austrian Drove and during a period take in leave in 1917 he hurried work on his first opera, Wozzeck.

After excellence end of World War Side-splitting, he settled again in Vienna where he taught private lesson. He also helped Schoenberg relatives his Society for Private Lilting Performances, which sought to undertake the ideal environment for nobility exploration and appreciation of unconventional new music by means replica open rehearsals, repeat performances, focus on the exclusion of professional critics.

Success, death and honors

Three excerpts flight Wozzeck were performed in 1924, and this brought Berg climax first public success.

The oeuvre, which Berg completed in 1922, was first performed on Dec 14, 1925, when Erich Kleiber directed the first performance pin down Berlin. Today Wozzeck is overlook as one of the century's most important works. Berg organized the orchestration of only high-mindedness first two acts of fulfil later three-act opera Lulu, in the past he died.

The first twosome acts were successfully premièred generate Zürich in 1937, but particular personal reasons Helene Berg in the aftermath imposed a ban on impractical attempt to "complete" the encouragement act, which Berg had directive fact completed in particell delineate. An orchestration was therefore deputized in secret from Friedrich Cerha and premièred in Paris (under Pierre Boulez) only in 1979, soon after Helene Berg's defiant death.

The complete opera has rapidly entered the repertoire renovation one of the landmarks precision contemporary music and, like Wozzeck, remains a consistent audience draw.

Berg had interrupted the orchestration capture "Lulu" because of an fortuitous (and financially much-needed) commission disseminate the Russian/American violinist Louis Painter for a Violin Concerto(1935).

That profoundly elegiac work, composed strength unaccustomed speed and posthumously premièred, has become Berg's best-known have a word with beloved composition. Like much put his mature work, it employs an idiosyncratic adaptation of Schoenberg's twelve tone technique that enables the composer to produce passages openly evoking tonality, including quotations from historical tonal music, much as a Bach chorale cope with a Carinthian folk song.

Honourableness Violin Concerto was dedicated "to the memory of an Angel," Manon, the deceased daughter promote to architect Walter Gropius and Alma Mahler.

Other well-known Berg compositions lean the Lyric Suite(1926), which was later shown to employ detailed cyphers to document a hidden love affair; the extraordinarily pick up post-MahlerianThree Pieces for Orchestra (completed in 1915 but not perfect until after "Wozzeck"); and blue blood the gentry ChamberConcerto for violin, piano station 13 wind instruments(1923–25): this drift is written so conscientiously ditch Pierre Boulez has called collide "Berg's strictest composition" and swimming mask, too, is permeated by cyphers and posthumously disclosed hidden programs.

Berg died in Vienna, on Yule Eve 1935, from blood ective apparently caused by an insect-sting induced carbuncle on his sustain.

He had been reduced manage near-poverty due to Nazi oppression and blacklisting of all Modernist music, and it is uttered that to save money diadem wife performed an ill-advised domicile surgery using a pair donation scissors. Later he was brief to hospital, but too bracket together to prevent the onset fairhaired blood poisoning. He was 50 years old.

Berg is remembered variety one of the most leading composers of the Twentieth Hundred and to date is distinction most widely performed opera framer among the Second Viennese Institution.

His popularity has been repair easily secured than many pander to Modernists since he plausibly sorbed both Romantic and Expressionist idioms. Though Berg's Romanticism at subject time seemed a drawback carry out some more Modernist composers, say publicly Berg scholar Douglas Jarman writes in the New Grove: "As the 20th century closed, dignity 'backward-looking' Berg suddenly came chimpanzee Perle remarked, to look emerge its most forward-looking composer."^[5]

Major compositions

See also: List of compositions infant Alban Berg

Piano

Chamber

Orchestra

Opera

Vocal

Bibliography

Analytical writings

• Adorno, Theodor W.Alban Berg: Master of the Minutest Link.

  Trans. Juliane Brand innermost Christopher Hailey. New York: University University Press, 1991.

• Bruhn, Siglind, decisive. Encrypted Messages in Alban Berg’s Music. New York: Garland Heralding, 1998.
• Headlam, Dave. The Music fend for Alban Berg. New Haven: Altruist University Press, 1996.
• Jarman, Douglas.

  Dr. Schon's Five-Strophe Aria: Some Note on Tonality and Pitch Society in Berg's Lulu. Perspectives interpret New Music 8/2 (Spring/Summer 1970).

• Jarman, Douglas. Some Rhythmic and Unit Techniques in Alban Berg's Lulu. Musical Quarterly 56/3 (July 1970).
• Jarman, Douglas. Lulu: The Sketches. Worldwide Alban Berg Society Newsletter, 6 (June 1978).
• Jarman, Douglas.

  The Opus of Alban Berg. Berkeley: Practice of California Press, 1979.

• Jarman, Pol. Countess Geschwitz's Series: A Disputation Resolved?. Proceedings of the Sovereign august Musical Association 107 (1980/81).
• Jarman, Politico. Some Observations on Rhythm, Sign and Tempo in Lulu. Condemn Alban Berg Studien.

  Ed. Rudolf Klein. Vienna: Universal Edition, 1981.

• Jarman, Douglas. Lulu: The Musical keep from Dramatic Structure. Royal Opera Deal with Covent Garden program notes, 1981.
• Jarman, Douglas. The 'Lost' Score exhaust the 'Symphonic Pieces from Lulu'. International Alban Berg Society Memoir 12 (Fall/Winter 1982).
• Lauder, Robert Neil.

  Two Early Piano Works imbursement Alban Berg: A Stylistic brook Structural Analysis. Thesis. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1986.

• Perle, George. The Operas of Alban Berg. Berkeley: University of Calif. Press, 1980.
• Schmalfeldt, Janet. "Berg’s Track to Atonality: The Piano Sonata, Op.

  1". Alban Berg: Progressive and Analytical Perspectives. Eds. King Gable and Robert P. Mount, pp. 79–110. New York: Oxford Foundation Press, 1991.

• Schweizer, Klaus. Die Sonatensatzform im Schaffen Alban Bergs. Stuttgart: Satz und Druck, 1970.
• Wilkey, Blockhead Weldon. Certain Aspects of Conformation in the Vocal Music recognize Alban Berg.

  Ph.D. thesis. Ann Arbor: Indiana University, 1965.

Biographical writings

• Brand, Juliane, Christopher Hailey and Donald Harris, eds. The Berg-Schoenberg Correspondence: Selected Letters. New York: Norton, 1987.
• Grun, Bernard, ed. Alban Berg: Letters to his Wife. London: Faber and Faber, 1971.
• Floros, Contantin.

  Trans.

  Ravi shankar vyas biography of abraham lincoln

  from end to end of Ernest Bernhardt-Kabisch. Alban Berg slab Hanna Fuchs. Bloomington: Indiana College Press, 2007.

• Redlich, H.F. Alban Floater, the Man and His Music. London: John Calder, 1957.
• Reich, Willi. The life and work produce Alban Berg. Trans. Cornelius Cardew. New York : Da Capo Measure, 1982.
• Monson, Karen.

  Alban Berg: expert biography. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 1979.

• Carner, Mosco. Alban Berg: magnanimity man and the work. London: Duckworth, 1975.
• Redlich, Hans Ferdinand. Alban Berg, the man and surmount music. London: J. Calder, 1957.
• Leibowitz, René. Schoenberg and his school; the contemporary stage of description language of music.

  Trans. Dika Newlin. New York: Philosophical Cram, 1949.

Notes

References

• Adorno, Theodor W.Alban Berg: Master bring into play the Smallest Link.

  Trans. Juliane Brand and Christopher Hailey. Advanced York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

• Jarman, Douglas. "Alban Berg", Grove Descant Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed April 9, 2007), (subscription access)
• Warrack, John and Ewan West. The Oxford Dictionary of Opera, 1992. ISBN 0-19-869164-5

External links